Genome-Wide Association Study of Participants

Blood was drawn for participants who provided informed consent; these participants included those from the aforementioned study at the University of Utah, KPMRP, and in the Twin Cities metropolitan area in Minnesota [13 (link)]. GWAS data were obtained using Illumina HumanHap 550K, 610K as part of the GECCO study and has been described previously [18 (link)]. Imputation to HapMap2 Release 24 was performed using MACH which was imputed to HapMap Release 22 using BEAGLE. GWAS samples obtained from Utah and Minnesota are being uploaded in NCBI’s dbGaP (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gap) by the Fred Hutchinson’s Cancer Research Center.