Mice were anaesthetized with isoflurane and oxygen (4% isoflurane for induction and 2–2.5% for maintenance). Body temperature was monitored during the procedure and maintained at 37°C. Animals were fixed in a stereotaxic device (Model 963, David Kopf Instruments, Tujunga CA, USA). The surgery followed previously described standard procedures for pedestal placement [2 (link),14 (link)]. In short, the hair on top of the head was shaved, Betadine and lidocaine were applied on the skin and an incision was done in the scalp to expose the skull. The tissue on top of the skull was removed and the skull was kept dry before applying Optibond prime adhesive (Kerr, Bioggio, Switzerland). A pedestal equipped with a magnet (weight approx. 1 g) was placed on top of the skull with Charisma (Heraeus Kulzer, Armonk NY, USA), which was hardened with UV light. Rimadyl was injected subcutaneously (5 mg per kg). Mice were left under a heating lamp for recovery for at least 3 h. Mice were given 3–4 resting days before starting experiments.
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