Anemia Prevalence and Associated Factors

Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 21 for Windows (Chicago, Illinois, USA). To report the quantitative variables, mean (standard deviation: SD) and median (inter-quartile range) were used for variables with normal and highly skewed distribution, respectively. To compare baseline characteristics of quantitative variables between anemic and non-anemic groups, the t-test and the Mann-Whitney test were used for variables with normal and highly skewed distribution, respectively. The prevalence [95% confidence interval (CI)] of each group of categorical variables were estimated and compared by Chi-square test.
The univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed for categorical variables to evaluate thet association between variables and anemia by reporting odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CI. Only covariates with a p-value <0.20 in the univariable analysis were then selected to enter the multivariable analysis. The multivariable model is adjusted for obesity status, Hb A1c (Hb A1c ≤ 7% as reference), T2DM duration (less than five years as reference), GLDs usage (oral as reference), prevalent CKD, prevalent albuminuria, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypercholesterolemia .