Following the manufacturer’s instructions, we used the DPPH free radical scavenging capacity assay kit (BC4755, SOLARBIO) to assess the scavenging capacity of ginsenoside Rb1 and RBCQDs on free radicals. Ginsenoside Rb1 and RBCQDs were briefly mixed with the DPPH solution and then incubated at room temperature for 30 min. The absorbance of the solution was measured at 517 nm (A1). Absorbance values were obtained by replacing the sample with PBS (A0). The DPPH radical scavenging rate (%)=[ (A0-A1)/(A0) ] × 100%.
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