Evaluation of Spring Wheat Cultivars

Field tests and soil, plant and entomological sampling were carried out in 2018–2020, at the beginning of June in the flag leaf stage of spring wheat (BBCH 39). The research was conducted on spring wheat grown in OPS and CPS. The experimental factors were: factor Ix—spring wheat species (Fig. 1); Indian dwarf wheat (Triticum sphaerococcum Percival) and Persian wheat (Triticum persicum Vavilov); factor II—sowing density 400, 500, 600 (seeds m). The experiments were performed in a split-plot arrangement in four replicates. The single plot size of 21 m². Triticum sphaerococcum Percival cv. Trispa and Triticum persicum Vavilov cv. Persa used in our field experiments are the cultivars, which has been bred by the Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology in 2020. The Breeder’s Right, granted by the director of Research Centre for Cultivar Testing, is exercisable on the territory of Poland at the national Plant Breeders’ Rights protection level. Details on soil characteristics prior to the experiments can be found in Lemanowicz et al. (2020a) (link) and Lemanowicz et al. (2020b) (link). The forecrops for the tested species of OPS and CPS cultivated spring wheats were cereals (triticale or winter wheat). Immediately after harvesting the forecrop, an intercrop of peas of the tendril-leaved variety ‘Tarchalska’ were sown at a rate of 240 kg ha¹. Pre-winter ploughing was carried out to a depth of 0.22–0.23 m. Sowing parameters, as well as methods of fertilization and plant protection against weeds, diseases and pests were provided by Lemanowicz et al. (2020a) (link) and Lemanowicz et al. (2020b) (link).