Total RNA was extracted using proteinase K buffer and TRIzol (Invitrogen) as performed previously (Bukhari et al., 2016 (link)). The cDNA was synthesized from 1 μg of RNA using M-MuLV Reverse Transcriptase (NEB) and random hexamer primer (Promega). qPCRs were run on LightCycler® 480 Instrument II (Roche) using 2 X SYBR green mix (Bio-rad). All primers used are listed in Table S6.