Dihydroxyacetone (≥98%), stigmasteryl chloroformate, N,N’-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC, 99%), dimethylaminopyridine (DMP, ≥99%), sodium borohydride (99%), ethanol-free chloroform (≥99%), anhydrous tetrahydrofurane (THF, ≥99.9%), hexane (ACS reagent, ≥99%), 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DPPC, 99%), and sterile filtered water were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Other chemicals of analytical grade were purchased from Chempur (Piekary Śląskie, Poland). Stigmasteryl hemisuccinate was synthesized from stigmasterol as described previously [22 (link)]. The fluorescent probes, 6-dodecanoyl-2-dimethylaminonaphthalene (Laurdan) and 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH), were purchased from Molecular Probes (Eugene, OR, USA).
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