The rat CAPN1 WT and p.V301W catalytic core sequences were cloned into a pUC57 vector with an XhoI restriction site, with an amino-terminal thrombin cleavage site and a carboxy-terminal TEV protease cleavage site followed by a 6xHis tag, as previously described (Moldoveanu et al. 2002 (link); Gakhar et al. 2016 (link)). Calpain constructs were transferred into the pMAL-C5X vector to obtain an amino-terminal maltose-binding protein (MBP) as a fusion partner. Sequence of the calpain-flanking regions was confirmed by sequencing of constructs. Plasmids were amplified and isolated from DH5α cells and then were transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3; New England Biolabs).