After PFA fixation, immunostaining with rat anti-mouse CD31 antibody (#553370, BD Biosciences) was performed as previously described [38 (link)]. After the primary antibody, cells were incubated with biotin-conjugated anti-rat IgG antibody (Dako, Santa Clara, CA). Then avidin-biotin complexes were formed employing VECTASTAIN Elite ABC-HRP Kits (#PK-6100, Vector Laboratories, Newark, CA). Finally, EC colonies were visualized with 3,3’-diaminobenzidine (DAB) and nickel chloride (NiCl2). Images were captured with a Canon EOS kiss X7. Areas and diameters of EC colonies were quantified with Fiji software [39 (link)].
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