Protocols for protein, lipid, and carbohydrate measurements were performed as previously described (Kwon et al., 2015 (link); Ding et al., 2021 (link)). Four female flies were used for each replicate and a minimum of three replicates were measured for each sample group. Flies were homogenized in 200 ul 1X PBS with 0.1% Triton-X and Zirconium 1 mm Oxide Beads (Next Advance Lab Products, ZROB10) using TissueLyser II homogenizer (QIAGEN). Homogenate was incubated at 70°C for 10 minutes and the supernatant was collected after centrifugation at 3,000 g for 5 min. 5 ul of supernatant was applied to Pierce™ BCA Protein Assay Kit (Thermo Scientific, 23227) for detecting protein levels. TAG and free glycerol levels were quantified from 20 ul supernatant using Triglycerides Reagent (Thermo Fisher Scientific™ - TR22421) and Free Glycerol Reagent (Sigma-Aldrich, F6428), respectively. Free glycerol was subtracted from TAG values. Glucose levels were measured from 10 ul supernatant using Infinity Glucose Hexokinase Reagent (Thermo Fisher Scientific™ - TR15421) or D-Glucose assay kit (Megazyme, K-GLUC). Trehalose levels were measured as for glucose but incubated with 0.4 ul trehalase (Megazyme, E-TREH). The amount of glucose was subtracted from trehalose read values. TAG, free glycerol, glucose, and trehalose levels were normalized to corresponding protein levels of each sample.