In this study, we used participants from the previously published “APAC” cohort, a subpopulation of the Kailuan study. The APAC exclusion criteria were previous reported history of stroke, transient ischemic attack, and coronary disease at baseline and absence of neurologic deficits for stroke.
In this study, we further excluded subjects with a previously reported HF or AF. One hundred eighty subjects were excluded because of lack of information or a history of CVD. Finally, 5260 participants were included to develop and validate the sex‐specific physical activity equations (PA equations) (the detailed flow chart can be found in Figure1 ).
A baseline examination was conducted at the time of study inclusion. Basic demographic variables such as information of lifestyle and education as well as the past medical history were collected with standardized questionnaires. Body weight and height were measured, and body mass index was calculated as kilograms per meters squared. Information on smoking, drinking, and physical activity were also collected by questionnaires. SBP and DBP were taken at a 5‐min interval, values were measured twice and the mean of the SBPs and DBPs was respectively used.
Physical activity was recorded by using the standardized IPAQ short form under the assistance of professional researchers. The subjects were asked about the time and frequencies of exercises. We then divided the physical activity into low‐intensity activity (<10 min/week), moderate‐activity (10–80 min/week), and high‐intensity activity (>80 min/week). The first follow‐up was conducted between 2011 and 2012. Individuals were followed up every 2 years through face‐to‐face interviews. Subjects with a history of CVD diseases, including MI, chronic ischemic (CI) HF, cerebral hemorrhage (CH), and stroke were excluded.
In this study, we further excluded subjects with a previously reported HF or AF. One hundred eighty subjects were excluded because of lack of information or a history of CVD. Finally, 5260 participants were included to develop and validate the sex‐specific physical activity equations (PA equations) (the detailed flow chart can be found in Figure
A baseline examination was conducted at the time of study inclusion. Basic demographic variables such as information of lifestyle and education as well as the past medical history were collected with standardized questionnaires. Body weight and height were measured, and body mass index was calculated as kilograms per meters squared. Information on smoking, drinking, and physical activity were also collected by questionnaires. SBP and DBP were taken at a 5‐min interval, values were measured twice and the mean of the SBPs and DBPs was respectively used.
Physical activity was recorded by using the standardized IPAQ short form under the assistance of professional researchers. The subjects were asked about the time and frequencies of exercises. We then divided the physical activity into low‐intensity activity (<10 min/week), moderate‐activity (10–80 min/week), and high‐intensity activity (>80 min/week). The first follow‐up was conducted between 2011 and 2012. Individuals were followed up every 2 years through face‐to‐face interviews. Subjects with a history of CVD diseases, including MI, chronic ischemic (CI) HF, cerebral hemorrhage (CH), and stroke were excluded.
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