Micro-electrode arrays were purchased from Multichannel Systems (MCS, Reutlingen, Germany). MEAs consist of 60 TiN (titanium nitride) planar round electrodes (30 μm diameter; 200 μm center-to-center inter-electrode distance). MEA amplifier was kept inside an incubator with a controlled temperature (37°C) and humified atmosphere (i.e., gas flow of 5% CO2 and 95% O2). All measurements were performed by keeping the neurons in their culture medium. Acquired signals, after 1,200× amplification, were sampled at 10 kHz and acquired through the data acquisition hardware and MC-Rack software (MCS). For each trial, data acquisition was performed over 2 min recordings.
All experiments using drugs have been performed by adding the drugs to the culture medium under static conditions, without superfusion. For acute application, measurement started 5 min after drugs administration, in order to restore temperature and CO2 conditions inside the incubator.
L-DOPA was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (SIGMA, St. Louis, MO, USA) and used at 20 μM final concentration. D1 (SCH-23390) and D2 (sulpiride) receptors antagonist were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (SIGMA, St. Louis, MO, USA) and used at 10 μM final concentration.
The experiments with α-synuclein (S7820, Sigma-Aldrich, Merck Darmstadt Germany) were carried out using different concentrations (0.3, 0.5, 1, 3, and 70 μM). Recordings were performed in three conditions: acute applications (see below for details), 24 and 48 h after α-synuclein addition.
All experiments using drugs have been performed by adding the drugs to the culture medium under static conditions, without superfusion. For acute application, measurement started 5 min after drugs administration, in order to restore temperature and CO2 conditions inside the incubator.
L-DOPA was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (SIGMA, St. Louis, MO, USA) and used at 20 μM final concentration. D1 (SCH-23390) and D2 (sulpiride) receptors antagonist were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (SIGMA, St. Louis, MO, USA) and used at 10 μM final concentration.
The experiments with α-synuclein (S7820, Sigma-Aldrich, Merck Darmstadt Germany) were carried out using different concentrations (0.3, 0.5, 1, 3, and 70 μM). Recordings were performed in three conditions: acute applications (see below for details), 24 and 48 h after α-synuclein addition.
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