The presence of the five colistin resistance genes, mcr-1 to -5, in the K. pneumoniae isolates was determined by PCR and Sanger sequencing. We also detected the presence of the carbapenem resistance genes blaNDM, blaVIM, blaIMP, blaOXA-48, and blaKPC in the K. pneumoniae isolates by PCR analysis. The primers and conditions used for the PCR assays are listed in TableĀ S1.
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