Non-covalently bound cell surface proteins, including SLPs and SLAPs were extracted from NCK1909 and ΔprtX L. acidophilus NCFM strains using LiCl denaturing salt, as described previously (Johnson et al., 2013 (link)). Proteins were quantified via bicinchoninic acid assay kit (Thermo Scientific) and visualized via SDS–PAGE using precast 4–20% Precise Tris-HEPES protein gels (Thermo Scientific). Gels were stained using AcquaStain (Bulldog Bio) according to the instructions of the manufacturer.
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