Western Blot Analysis of NLRP3 Inflammasome

Cell and tissue proteins were extracted as previously described (19 (link)), and bicinchoninic acid method was used to determine the protein concentration. Nitrocellulose membranes were incubated with primary antibodies (anti-NLRP3, anti-IL-18, GAPDH, Proteintech Group, Inc., Chicago, IL,USA; anti-GSDMD, Abbexa Ltd, Cambridge, United Kingdom; anti-caspase-1, anti-IL-1β, anti-cleaved caspase-1, anti-cleaved IL-1β, Affinity Biosciences, Cincinnati, OH, USA; anti-caspase-11 p20, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc.Dallas, Texas, USA) at 4 °C overnight. The membranes were washed with 1% TBST before and after incubation with goat anti-rabbit IgG secondary antibody (LI-COR Biotechnology, Lincoln, NE, USA) or goat anti-mouse IgG secondary antibody (LI-COR Biotechnology, Lincoln, NE, USA) for 1 h at room temperature. Odyssey CLx imaging system (LI-COR Biosciences, Lincoln, NE, USA) was used to analysis protein expression as previously described (19 (link)).