ODZ was provided by Professor Sang-Kyu Ye (Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea) [21 (link)]. Penicillin-streptomycin, trypsin-EDTA, Fetal bovine serum, RPMI 1640, DMEM-high glucose pyruvate, and Opti-MEM were purchased from Gibco (Grand Island, NY, USA). LPS (O111:B4), ATP and DMSO were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Nigericin, nano-SiO2, imiquimod, poly(dA:dT), MSU crystal, Y-VAD-CMK, MCC950, lipofectamine-2000, and mouse IL-1β ELISA kit were purchased from InvitroGen (San Diego, CA, USA). Flagellin was purchased from Adipogen (San Diego, CA, USA). Mouse IL-1β antibody (AF-401-NA) and human IL-1β ELISA kit were purchased from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA). Antibodies against mouse caspase-1 (AG-20B-0042-C100), ASC (AG-25B-0006-C100), and NLRP3 (AG-20b-0014-C100) were purchased from Adipogen (San Diego, CA, USA), and mGSDMD (ab209845) was purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). Anti-FLAG antibody (F1804) and β-Actin antibody (SC-4778) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) and Santa Cruz biotechnology (Dallas, TX, USA), respectively.
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