Arabidopsis Bacterial Infection Assay

Bacterial infection assay was done based on a modified protocol according to the previous report^{67 (link)}. Briefly, seven-day-old Arabidopsis seedlings were chosen to do the Xcc flood-inoculation assay. Bacteria were harvested and resuspended into 40 mL of 0.02% Silwet L-77 (bioWORLD, USA), containing 10 mM MgCl₂, to a final concentration at OD = 0.1. The inoculum was dispensed into the 1/2 MS plate containing Arabidopsis seedlings, and the plates were incubated for 1 min at room temperature. Then the bacteria were removed by decantation, and the plates were sealed with 3 M Micropore Surgical Tape (3 M United States). The plates were incubated at 22 °C in the long-day growth chamber (16 h light/8 h dark). Images of bacteria-infected plants were taken at the indicated time points.