B. fragilis str. 3783N1-6 was purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA). Cells were initially grown on agar plates to revive bacterial strains. Tryptic soy and 5% rabbit blood (Fisher Scientific, Pittsburgh, PA, USA) were initially added in agar. Bacterial in agar plates were grown in an anaerobic jar with GasPakTM for 36 h at 37 °C (Figure S1 ) [52 (link)].
For the arsenic resistance experiment, when B. fragilis str. 3783N1-6 grow to OD A600nm = 0.3, indicated concentrations of trivalent arsenic As(III) (Sigma-Aldrich, Milwaukee, WI, USA) were added to B. fragilis str. 3783N1-6 cultures with shaking. B. fragilis was grown in degassed Schneider’s insect medium with 20% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). An anaerobic jar with GasPakTM was used to keep 24 h anaerobic growing condition. Cells were collected if growing to an A600nm = 1.0 [52 (link)].
For the arsenic resistance experiment, when B. fragilis str. 3783N1-6 grow to OD A600nm = 0.3, indicated concentrations of trivalent arsenic As(III) (Sigma-Aldrich, Milwaukee, WI, USA) were added to B. fragilis str. 3783N1-6 cultures with shaking. B. fragilis was grown in degassed Schneider’s insect medium with 20% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). An anaerobic jar with GasPakTM was used to keep 24 h anaerobic growing condition. Cells were collected if growing to an A600nm = 1.0 [52 (link)].
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