Western blotting was conducted as in past reports.25 (link),26 (link) Briefly, after proteins were transferred to PVDF membranes, these blots were probed using primary antibodies specific for SOX2 (Seven Hills, OH, USA), β-actin (Beyotime, Nantong, China), LLGL2 (Abcam, MA, USA) or E-cadherin (Cell Signaling Technology, MA, USA). HRP-linked secondary antibodies specific for mouse-IgG (ZSGB-Bio, Beijing, China) or rabbit IgG (Abcam) were then used for protein detection, β-actin was used as a control for normalization, and Image-Pro Plus 6.0 was used for quantification.