First, a β1-AAB-positive animal model was established by actively immunizing rats with the second extracellular loop antigen peptide of β1-adrenergic receptor (β1-AR-ECII), as described in the previous studies.9 (link) Then, animal sera from the β1-AAB-positive group (actively immunized) and the control group were collected and extracted using MAbTrap Kit (GE Healthcare, 17-1128-01, Uppsala, Sweden) for affinity and purification of IgG.
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