Evaluating Antimalarial Reversal Agents

Verapamil hydrochloride (VP; Sigma-Aldrich, Australia), mibefradil hydrochloride (MF; Tocris Bioscience, UK), L703,606 (L7; Sigma-Aldrich, Australia), and primaquine (PQ; World Wide Antimalarial Resistance Network [WWARN] QA/QC Reference Material Programme [42 (link)]) were selected as CQ resistance reversal agents (CQRRAs) in this study. The intrinsic antimalarial activities of the recently reported MF and L7 had hitherto been tested only in the CQ^r strain K1 (28 (link)). Therefore, prior to the experiments in field isolates, the intrinsic antimalarial properties of these reversal agents, in addition to those of VP and PQ, were assessed in CQ^r (K1 and W2) and CQ^s (3D7 and FC27) P. falciparum laboratory strains (BEI Resources, ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

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Wirjanata G., Handayuni I., Prayoga P., Leonardo L., Apriyanti D., Trianty L., Wandosa R., Gobay B., Kenangalem E., Poespoprodjo J.R., Noviyanti R., Kyle D.E., Cheng Q., Price R.N, & Marfurt J. (2017). Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax Demonstrate Contrasting Chloroquine Resistance Reversal Phenotypes. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 61(8), e00355-17.

Publication 2017

Verapamil hydrochloride (VP; primaquine P. falciparum

Antimalarial agents Mibefradil Primaquine Strains Verapamil hydrochloride

Corresponding Organization :

Other organizations : Charles Darwin University, Menzies School of Health Research, State University of Papua, Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, University of South Florida, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, University of Oxford

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Variable analysis

independent variables

Verapamil hydrochloride (VP)
Mibefradil hydrochloride (MF)
L703,606 (L7)
Primaquine (PQ)

dependent variables

Intrinsic antimalarial activities of the reversal agents (VP, MF, L7, PQ)

control variables

CQ-resistant (K1 and W2) and CQ-sensitive (3D7 and FC27) P. falciparum laboratory strains

controls

No positive or negative controls were explicitly mentioned in the text.

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