were grown following standard cell culture practices, as previously
described.26 (link) The day before the experiment,
3.3 × 106 cells/well were plated in a 6-well plate.
The following day, cells were exposed to 0.2 μg/mL LPS (positive
control; Sigma-Aldrich; E. coli 055:B5) or different
concentrations of CDs in fresh media (negative control, 0 μg/mL
CD). After 24 h, 50 μL of supernatant was analyzed for nitric
oxide (NO) production measured as released nitrate (μM) using
Greiss reagent as previously described.26 (link) To determine whether cells uptake CDs, murine RAW 264.7 macrophages
were incubated and grown on a coverslip overnight and then incubated
for 6 h with different CD conjugates at 20 μg/mL before imaging.