Total RNA was isolated with an RNAprep Pure Plant Plus kit (Tiangen Biotech, China) and used as the template for reverse transcription with a PrimeScript RT reagent kit (TaKaRa, Japan). The RT-qPCR assays were performed using the UltraSYBR Mixture (Cwbio, China). The cotton GhSSU (small subunit ribosomal rRNA) gene, the Arabidopsis AtUBC21 (Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme 21) gene, and the N. benthamiana and V. dahliaeEF-1α (Elongation Factor-1α) genes were used as internal controls. The setting of thermal cycler was: predenaturation at 95°C for 10 min, followed by 40 cycles of denaturing at 95°C for 15 s, annealing at 58°C for 30 s, and extension at 72°C for 30 s. A final reaction at 72°C for 10 min was applied. Melt curves were analyzed to ensure there was not nonspecific amplification. Relative transcript levels among various samples were determined using the 2–ΔΔCT method, with three independent determinations (58 (link)). The sequences of primers used in this study are listed in Table S4.