At 1 month post-injection, haSyn PFF-treated WT and KO-aSyn mice (n = 4/genotype) were perfused transcardially with 0.1M PBS (pH 7.2) at 37°C and then with 4% paraformaldehyde/1% glutaraldehyde. The brain was removed and the ipsilateral striatum was processed for EM analysis as described in Supp. Methods (Online Resource 16). In all EM procedures, the grids were examined in a Philips 420 transmission electron microscope at an acceleration voltage of 60 kV and photographed with a Megaview G2 CCD camera (Olympus SIS, Münster, Germany) and iTEM image capture software. In order to assess myelin integrity in the PFF-injected mice striatum, we quantified the g-ratio (ratio of inner axonal diameter to total outer diameter) and the % of axons with decompacted myelin [43 (link)]. For these quantifications, at least 100 randomly selected myelin sheaths that were cross-sectioned completely without artifacts and could be classified without doubt were counted. Semi-automated analysis of randomly selected myelin sheaths was carried out using a plug-in for ImageJ software as previously described [7 (link)].