Mean hydrodynamic size and polydispersity index (PDI) were determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS) at an angle of 90° in previously diluted samples with ultrapure water (1:500, v/v) (NanoBrook 90Plus PALS, Brookhaven Instruments, Holtsville, NY, USA) [29 (link),45 (link)]. The same equipment was used to measure zeta potential of previously diluted samples (1:1000, 1 mM KCl) by electrophoretic mobility [29 (link),45 (link)].
The pH value was measured by potentiometry (NanoBrook 90Plus PALS, Brookhaven Instruments, USA). A previously calibrated (pH 4.0 and pH 7.0) electrode probe was placed directly in the samples.
All measurements were carried out in triplicate.
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