Mouse hepatic stellate cells (mHSCs) were isolated from C57/Bl6 WT, TLR4−/−, and MyD88−/− mice by enzymatic digestion and Percoll density gradient centrifugation,24 (link) with modifications. Following two to three passages, 50% subconfluent mHSCs were transfected with pCMV Simian Virus 40 Large T antigen22 (link) for 48 hours followed by selection with 100 mg/mL hygromycin B (Invitrogen, San Diego, CA) and grown at 33°C. Immortalized WT, TLR4−/−, and MyD88−/− mHSC lines were generated by single cell clonal expansion and were genotyped as described for the TLR4 knockout mice.25 (link),26 (link)