Tumors were excised from BPA+/+ and BPA−/− mice and the skin was carefully removed. Tumors were fragmented and digested as previously described.10 (link) Cells were kept in culture in RPMI 1640 supplemented with 100 U/mL penicillin/streptomycin (P/S) and 2–20% fetal bovine serum (FBS). Cells derived from BPA+/+ and BPA−/− mice are referred to as Bdmc+/+ and Bdmc−/− cells, respectively. To inhibit autophagy, Bdmc+/+ cells were treated for 48 hours with ddH2O-dissolved chloroquine (CQ, Sigma-Aldrich; cat# C6628) at a final concentration of 5 µM.