Example 5
Osteochondral specimens were surgically resected from the joints of adult arthritic human patients undergoing total knee replacement. Six-mm diameter cylindrical plugs were cored out with an Arthrex Single Use OATS System (Naples, Fla.). A surgical curette was used to make partial-thickness defects approximately 2 mm in size in the articular surface. The defects were filled with pluripotent stem cell-derived chondrogenic precursors which had been aggregated under the following mechanical pressures; 5×105 cells centrifuged in 15-ml conical tubes at 150 g for 5 min in DMEM/F12 supplemented with 10% FBS and incubated overnight in the presence or absence of TGFβ3. After 4 weeks, explants were fixed, paraffin-embedded, sectioned, and stained with Safranin O.
