Methods have remained similar to the GBD 2016 study.5 (link) Detailed descriptions of the methods can be found in the GBD 2017 publications6 (link),7 (link),8 (link),9 (link) as well as in the eAppendix, eFigures, and eTables in the Supplement. For each GBD study, the entire time series is re-estimated. This study therefore supersedes prior GBD iterations. The GBD study is compliant with the Guidelines for Accurate and Transparent Health Estimates Reporting statement (eTable 1 in the Supplement). Compared with the prior GBD study (GBD 2016), the neoplasms category for GBD 2017 also includes benign and in situ neoplasms (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision [ICD-10] codes D00-D49). Because disability associated with benign neoplasms is most often very small, we only estimated disability for the new cause: myelodysplastic, myeloproliferative, and other hematopoietic neoplasms. The terms malignant neoplasms or cancer in this article only include ICD-10 codes C00 through C96. Other changes since GBD 2016 are the addition of new data sources (eTable 3 in the Supplement) for GBD 2017 and improvements in the way we estimated cancer survival by using the mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR). In this study, estimates are presented for 29 cancer categories and 195 countries and territories. Estimates for benign neoplasms as well as selected subnational estimates are available online (https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare/ and http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool). All rates are reported per 100 000 person-years. The GBD world population standard was used for the calculation of age-standardized rates.9 (link) We report 95% uncertainty intervals for all estimates.
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