Tumour DNA was extracted from tumour specimens with NucleoSpin® Tissue (MACHEREY-NAGEL, Düren, Germany). Regions of interest for driver genes [23 (link), 27 (link)–30 (link)] were amplified by PCR with gene-specific primers (Supplementary Table 1) and TaKaRa Ex Taq® (TAKARA BIO, Shiga, Japan) (IDH1/2, H3F3A, and HIST1H3B) or AmpliTaq Gold 360 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA) (TERTp, KRAS, HRAS, and NRAS) using Applied Biosystems GeneAmp PCR System 9700 (Thermo Fisher Scientific). PCR products were purified by ExoSAP-IT (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA), then sequenced with sequencing primer (IDH1) or PCR forward primer as a sequencing primer (IDH2, H3F3A, HIST1H3B, TERTp, and exons 2 and 3 of KRAS, HRAS, and NRAS) and BigDye® Terminator V1.1 Cycle Sequencing Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific) using the ABI 3130xL Genetic Analyzer (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
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