This study was conducted in Lake Siombak, North Sumatra Province, from September 2018 to August 2019, focusing on eleven specific sampling stations (see Fig. 1). Gill nets with a 1-inch mesh size were utilized for sample collection, with observations conducted twice during high and low tides to capture variations in IPT distribution and behavior associated with tidal cycles. Sampling sites 1 to 8 were situated within Lake Siombak, covering different areas to encompass the lake's spatial heterogeneity, while sites 9 to 11 were positioned in tributaries outside the lake, providing insight into Indo-Pacific Tarpon (IPT) populations in adjacent freshwater habitats. During each sampling event, gill nets were deployed at predetermined locations within each sampling site, ensuring comprehensive coverage of the aquatic habitat. Trained personnel conducted sample collection from the gill nets, following standardized protocols (i.e., involved carefully removing the fish from the nets, minimizing any potential injury or stress during handling) to minimize handling stress on the captured fish.