The fungal cell wall and hyphal septum were visualized by staining with 20 μg/mL calcofluor white (CFW) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), and mycelial cell nuclei were visualized by staining with 20 μg/mL 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and 20 μg/mL CFW (63 (link)). As previously described, lipid droplets (LDs) were stained with 10 μg/mL boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) (29 (link)). In addition, autophagy of the hyphae was detected by 100 μg/mL monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining.
For TEM analysis, WT and mutant strains were harvested from colonies cultured on PD broth for 3 days. Then, the mycelia were collected and fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde for TEM observation (30 (link)).
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