RNA concentration and purity were assessed by absorbance at 260 and 280 nm using NanoDrop One (Thermo Fisher Scientific). RNA was checked for quality using the Agilent RNA 600 nano kit and Bioanalyzer instrument (Agilent Technologies). Aliquots of RNA (1,000 ng) were analyzed using the Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA with Ribo-Zero Gold protocol (Illumina) as described (76 (link)). Samples were cleaned and validated for DNA concentration using the Qubit dsDNA HS assay kit (Invitrogen) and for base pair size and purity using the Agilent High Sensitivity DNA chip and Bioanalyzer instrument. The libraries were subjected to 38-bp paired-end sequencing on a NextSeq500 (Illumina).