To understand the antiproliferative efficacy of the combination treatments,
cells were analyzed for cell-cycle analysis at 1, 3, 5, or 8 days post treatment, as
described previously [10 (link)]. Briefly, 1 ×
106 cells were seeded in a 100-mm-diameter cell-culture dish (Becton
Dickinson, San Jose, CA). For 8-day treatment, the initial cell seeding was 0.5 ×
106 cells. Cells were allowed to attach for 24 h prior to treatment. At
different time points post treatment, cells were harvested by trypsinization and
centrifuged at 1300 rpm for 3 min at 4 °C (Sorvall Legend RT centrifuge, Thermo
Electron Corp., Waltham, MA). The supernatant was decanted, the cell pellet was washed
twice with ice-cold 1×DPBS (pH 7.4), and then the pellet was resuspended in a
solution (12.5 mg propidium iodide [Promega, Madison, WI], 250 mg sodium-citrate, and 250
μL Triton™ X-100 in 250 mL of water). The cells in the propidium iodide
solution were then incubated for 2 h in the dark in a cold room and then analyzed by flow
cytometry (FACScan flow cytometer, BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA). ModFit LT software
(Verity Software House, Inc., Topsham, ME) was used for data analysis.