The participants performed maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) during isometric knee extension at knee joint angles of 90° and plantar flexion at ankle joint angles of 10° dorsiflexed position using a dynamometer mounting force transducer. The MVC measurements were performed on the right leg. First, we measured the knee extension and flexion MVC. The hip was fixed to the dynamometer using a strap with the hip joint at 90° flexion and the ankle was attached to a pad linked to a torque meter (VINE, Tokyo, Japan). The MVC trial included a gradual increase in knee extension force to maximum effort in 1 to 2 seconds, and a plateau phase at maximum effort was maintained for 4 seconds. Participants performed at least 2 trials with a ≥ 2-minute rest interval between them. The maximum MVC torque was selected for each trial. Subsequently, we measured the plantar flexion MVC. The hip was fixed to the dynamometer using a strap, with the hip joint at 90° flexion and the knee joint at full extension, and the ankle set on a pad linked to a torque meter (Takei Scientific Instruments, Niigata, Japan). The MVC trial was the same as that for knee extension. The maximum MVC torque was selected for each trial.