Human melanoma cell lines A375 and SK-MEL-28 were obtained from ATCC and cultured following ATCC recommendations. Cells were subcultured in DMEM (Gibco, Life Technology, Carlsbad, California, USA) by adding 10% fetal bovine serum, penicillin (100 IU/ml), and streptomycin (100 μg/ml) and incubated at 37°C in a CO2 incubator (5%).
Vemurafenib was purchased from Selleckchem (Houston, Texas, USA), and A375 and SK-MEL-28 were cultured in complete DMEM medium with 10-μmol/l Vemurafenib to induce drug-resistant cells as previously reported 13 (link),14 (link). After 10 times passages, the cells resistant to Vemurafenib were screened and then cultured with DMEM medium with 10 μmol/l Vemurafenib continually to keep the characteristics.