SnO2 colloid precursor (tin(IV) oxide 15% H2O colloidal dispersion), PbI2 (≥99.999, ultradry) and PbBr2 (Puratronic, ≥99.998) were obtained from Alfa Aesar. CsI (≥99.999, anhydrous) and acetonitrile (ACN) were obtained from Acros Organics. Anisole (≥99.7 anhydrous) was purchased from Sigma Aldrich. N,N-dymethylformamide (DMF) (Merk life science s.r.l., Milano, Italy), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), formamidinium iodide (FAI), methylammonium bromide (MaBr, ≥99%, anhydrous), Spiro-OMeTAD, chlorobenzene (CB), 4-tert-butylpyridine (TBPy), bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide lithium salt (Li-TFSI), and FK 209 Co(III) TFSI salt were purchased from Merck. All the chemicals were used without further purification. We used 2 × 2 cm2 glass/ITO substrates received from Kintec (10 Ω sq−1).
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