GC-MS Analysis of Lipid Vesicles

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with a 7890B GC System/5977A MSD (Agilent Technologies, Inc., Santa Clara, CA, USA) and 5 μm filters (Millipore, County Cork, Ireland) was used to determine the presence of IA, IAA, or CA in lipid vesicles. The chemical 3-octanol was added as the internal standard to the lipid vesicle solution with 50% of IA, IAA, or CA, and sodium chloride was measured using stir-bar sorptive extraction [5 (link)]. To prevent flavors presence out of the membranes, the filter was caught because it is not possible to simply attach a filter even if the flavor compounds are present in the solution before they reach the membranes. As a comparison, we made a solution by mixing flavors and DOPC. When preparing these solutions, sodium chloride was added to promote extraction [5 (link)]. Each experiment was conducted three times.