Taiwan's National Health Insurance (NHI) system covers 99% of the population. The National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) was developed based on information collected from the population in Taiwan [13 (link)]. The International Classification of Diseases 9th revision Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) was used in the NHIRD from 1995 to 2016. The ICD-10 has been used since 2017 [14 (link)]. Details of this data source and design are described elsewhere [15 (link)]. Briefly, information about prisoners from January 1st, 2013, to December 31st, 2013, was presented in a subset of the NHIRD. Our study included information from 2013 (January 1st to December 31st); therefore, we used the ICD-9 to present the results. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Cheng-Hsin General Hospital (CHGH-IRB: (471) 104–07). All the procedures were in accordance with the required guidelines, and all the participants provided informed consent.
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