Eight-week-old mice were injected intravenously with 5 × 105 KP cells22 (link), KP–GFP cells or B16-BFP/OVA cells. All cell lines tested negative for mycoplasma and were authenticated by phenotyping their potential for generating tumours in mice. Lungs and lymph nodes were analysed on day 28 (KP or KP–GFP) or on day 22 (B16-BFP/OVA), except when otherwise indicated. When indicated, mice were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 25 μg anti-IL-4 antibody (BioXcell, clone 11B11) on days 21, 23 and 26; with 100 μg CD40 agonistic antibody (BioXcell clone FGK4.5/ FGK45) on day 27; with 200 μg poly(I:C) high-molecular-weight RNA (InvivoGen) on day 27; or with 200 μg anti-PD-L1 antibody (BioXcell, clone 10F.9G2) on days 15, 18, 21, 24 and 27.
To quantify tumours, we stained slides of paraffin-embedded left lung lobes with haematoxylin/eosin; we scanned slides using an Olympus digital scanner and analysed them using Panoramic Viewer software.