Ben-Men-1 benign meningioma cells have been described (15 (link)). Malignant meningioma KT21-MG1 and IOMM-Lee cells (8 (link),9 (link)) were kindly provided by Dr. Anita Lal, University of California, San Francisco. HE1-1 is an adenovirus E1-transformed human embryonic kidney cell line (unpublished), and HMS-97 is a human malignant schwannoma cell line (26 (link)). All cell lines and primary human meningeal cells (ScienCell) were grown in Dulbecco’s modified eagle medium with 10% fetal bovine serum (Invitrogen). AR-42 and AR-12 were supplied by Arno Therapeutics and formulated into rodent chow (Research Diets) to deliver about 25mg/kg/day and 100mg/kg/day, respectively (21 (link)–23 (link)). Also, AR-42 was dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) for in vitro experiments.