Spleen and PeC CD19+ B cells (3 × 106 cells/well) stimulated for 5 or 48 h with LPS (10 μg/ml, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO). The B cells were incubated with LPS alone or with JQ1 (0, 20, 50, and 100 nM) for 5 h or indicated times in figure legends, and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, 50 ng/ml, Sigma-Aldrich), ionomycin (500 ng/ml, Sigma-Aldrich), and Monensin (2 μM, eBioscience, San Diego, CA) were added during last 5 h. Prior to surface staining, Fcγ receptors were blocked with anti-CD16/CD32 monoclonal antibodies (2.4G2, BD Biosciences). Cells were fixed and permeabilized with a Cytofix/Cytoperm kit (eBioscience) and then were stained with anti-IL-10 (JES5-16E3, eBioscience) (46 (link)). The antibodies against surface proteins were as follows: CD1d (1B1), CD5 (53-7.3), CD11b (M1/70), CD19 (eBio1D3), CD21/CD35 (eBioBD9), CD23 (B3B4), CD40 (HM40-3), CD86 (GL1), B220 (RA3-6B2), IgM (eB121-15F9), IgD (11 (link)–26 (link)), MHCII (M5/114.15.2), all purchased from eBioscience. Cells were analyzed with FACSCanto II (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA) and FlowJo V10 software (TreeStar, Ashland, OR). The gate strategy for IL-10-producing B cells was illustrated in Supplementary Fig. 3.