All antibodies used in Western blotting were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA) except histidine antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology; Santa Cruz, CA, USA). PEP-1-GLRX1 protein was purified as previously described [27 (link),33 (link)]. PEP-1 peptides were purchased from PEPTRON (Daejeon, Korea). Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydro pyridine (MPTP) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).
Human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y) were cultured in MEM with 15% FBS, 2 mM L-glutamine, and 100 µg/mL gentamicin at 37 °C.
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