Type II alveolar epithelial cell lines (MLE-12) were purchased from ATCC (Manassas, VA, USA) and cultured as described previously7 (link). These were routinely maintained in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) containing 10% foetal bovine serum, 2 mM of l-glutamine, 100 IU/mL of penicillin, and 100 μg/ML of streptomycin (purchased from Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) at 37 °C and with 5% CO2 in the air.
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