Arginine was added into the M9 medium of Gentamicin-resistant Salmonella. The mixture was then incubated at 37°C for 8 h. After incubation, 1 mL of bacterial solution was removed and centrifuge at 20,000 × g for 5 min at −10°C. The supernatant was discarded. The precipitate was washed twice with PBS and then diluted to approximately 1 × 106 CFU/mL with PBS. The membrane potential was examined using a BacLight Bacterial Membrane Potential Kit (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, United States) as previously described (Zhou et al., 2022 (link)).
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