5-μm sections of paraffin embedded, formalin fixed, lung were stained for p16, p21, and p53 by immunohistochemistry as previously described. [23 (link)] Briefly, the sections were incubated in PBS containing 5% normal goat serum and 1% bovine serum albumin (BSA), then incubated with a 1:100 dilution of mouse anti-human p16 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA), rabbit anti-human p21 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology) or mouse anti-human p53 antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology) overnight at 4°C. The sections were washed, incubated with horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated goat anti-mouse or anti-rabbit IgG (Santa Cruz Biotechnology). After washing, the bound peroxidase activity was detected using a diaminobenzidine (DAB) substrate kit (Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA).
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