Total apoE levels and the individual apoE isoform (apoE3 and apoE4) levels were previously quantified by use of a mass-spectrometry based method [31 (link)], and the results were reported in a previous pub-lication [21 (link)]. In brief, plasma samples where diluted 1:100, trypsin-digested and analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with a Waters NanoAcquity coupled to a Thermo Vantage mass spectrometer at the Mayo Cli-nic Proteomics Core, USA. For quantification of apoE3 and apoE4 isoforms two tryptic peptides, LGADMEDVCGR or LGADMEDVR, derived from the two single major APOE single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP112 and SNP158) were used. Total apoE was quantified using a peptide present in both isoforms, LGPLVEQGR, which also served as a control to assess the accuracy of the total sum of the two isoforms within each sample.