OTX2 knock down in HDMB03 and MB3W1 G3 MB cells (2×105 cells/well) was performed as previously described33 (link),34 (link). Briefly, OTX2 was silenced using 30 nM Silencer Select siRNAs 9931 or 9932 (Life Technologies). A non-silencing (scramble) served as the negative control. For bulk RNA sequencing, OTX2 was knocked down in three independent biological replicates for each cell line and silencing was confirmed by western blot (OTX2, Abcam, ab21990, rabbit, at 1:500, and β-actin, Sigma-Aldrich, A2228, mouse, at 1/1000 was used as a loading control) 72 hours following transfection. Total RNA was extracted from all samples using the Norgen RNA extraction kit (Norgen Biotek), and bulk RNA sequencing (RNAseq) was performed by StemCore laboratories at the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (Ottawa, ON, Canada). For single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNAseq), the above was repeated but using 4.5X105cells/well for MB3W1 and only one replicate was performed. Granule neuron differentiation was validated by western blot for RBFOX3 (NeuN) (Cell Signaling Technology, D4G4O, at 1:1000).