P-gp functionality was assessed using rhodamine 123 (Sigma), a substrate for P-gp, and efflux transporter inhibitors as follows. Human iPS-ECs, which were co-cultured with C6 cells or incubated in C6CM, were washed with PBS and pre-incubated at 37°C for 1 hr with or without inhibitors (5 μM cyclosporine A (Wako) or 10 μM MK571 (Sigma)), followed by addition of rhodamine 123 to the upper chamber. After 1 hr, the fluorescence activity of the medium in the lower chamber was quantified on a plate reader [24 (link)].
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