After the harvest of potatoes, a total of 15 bulk soil samples (three treatments × five replicates) were collected with a 2-cm-diameter auger on 14 October 2021. For the bulk soils, 10 topsoil samples (0–20 cm) were randomly collected from each replicate plot and combined into a single sample (a replicate). Each composite sample (a replicate) was divided into two parts, where the first part was stored at –80°C before DNA extraction, and the second part was air-dried at room temperature for determining soil chemical properties [pH, total nitrogen (TN), alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen (AN), organic matter (SOM), total phosphorus (TP), and available phosphorus (AP)], enzyme activities [β-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAG), β-1,4-glucosidase (β-GC), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)].
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